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Alice In Wonderland
Written by Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, who is better
known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, Alice in Wonderland had a vast
range of inspirations. The character of Alice herself was based
upon the daughter of the Dean of Christ Church, which Dodgson attended
and where he later taught. He first got the idea for the character
on the afternoon of July 4th 1862 while on a boating trip with Alice,
her siblings and a friend, Robinson Duckworth. There he drew the
inspiration for the characters. Alice became the star of the story.
Her sisters Lorina and Edith Liddell were the bases for the characters
Lory and Eaglet. His friend Mr. Duckworth was transformed into The
Duck. Dodgson even fashioned a character after himself, a dodo with
a stammer much like his own. He told the children stories which,
months later, he would write down under the title of "Alice's
Adventures Underground".
A carving found in the Church where Dodgson's Father preached possibly
inspired the Cheshire Cat. If you kneel before the carving, it gradually
disappears until all that remains is the smile, "which stretches
almost from ear to ear", just like the cat in the novel.
The rabbit hole may have been taken from two possible
sources. First was "Hell's Kettles", three ponds nearby
Dodgson's childhood home that were allegedly bottomless, just like
the rabbit hole. The second inspiration may have come from a natural
geological occurrence near where he later lived, which caused potholes
to suddenly appear in the ground. One such pothole destroyed the
house used by Dodgson's illustrator.
The book was first released under the new title of "Alice in
Wonderland" by Macmillan of London after having been increased
to 35,000 words from its original 18,000 words and with illustrations
by Sir John Tenniel, who worked on the famous English magazine "Punch".
However, within a month, Tenniel announced that he was unhappy with
the illustrations, so a new version was released. By the end of
1866 the new version had sold 5,000 copies (a significant amount
at that point in history). In 1868 Dodgson began work on the follow
up to "Wonderland", named "Behind the Looking-Glass,
and What Alice Saw There", later released as "Through
the Looking-Glass".
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